It’s breeding season! About 45-60 days after baby calves are born, farmers and ranchers start breeding their cows back for next year’s calf crop. A cow’s gestation length is about 285 days, or 9 months, similar to humans.
This heifer calf was born at the beginning of April, and her mom will be bred soon using artificial insemination (AI), so that she can have another calf next spring.
On today’s farms and ranches, we use artificial insemination (AI) to impregnate our cows. This practice, which first began in the 1930s, uses frozen bull semen collected by professionals at a specialized facility. These bulls are selected for their outstanding traits, like muscling and growth, as well as docility, birth weight and calving ease. Then, farmers/ranchers/AI technicians breed the cows by hand --- with the help of some tools.
AI is a good way to get superior genetics for a fraction of the cost. At RJ Show Cattle, my brother and I cannot afford to go out and spend thousands of dollars on a bull, when we only breed about 10 cows/year. But for $25-50, we can buy a dose of semen from the bull we want to use. Because we do the breeding ourselves, we keep very detailed records of when each cow was bred, so we can be prepared for her to calve in the spring. We can also select bulls that have more muscling, more growth, and better calving ease than our cows. This will help with genetic improvement in our herd! Because I am now comfortable AI-ing our cows, this is also an added savings for our operation.
During AI School, the instructors, Dr. David Grieger and Dr. David Nichols stressed proper semen handling techniques, and heat detection methods. They stressed over and over how important it was to do proper preparation work to ensure a pregnancy in our cows.
In April this year, I was fortunate enough to take an AI class offered through the K-State Department of Animal Sciences & Industry. Here are a few of the students practicing with cows owned by university.
While AI is not a glamorous process, it really is a valuable skill for a beef producer to have. I am excited to be helping at home with the AI of our cows, and to be saving us the time and money it takes to manage a bull as well.
Cheers!
Robin
Tags: Beef, Cattle, Family Farms, Farmers, Food Production, Kansas, Ranch